জাভা 8 লাম্বদা এক্সপ্রেশন - নেস্টেড ক্লাসে একাধিক পদ্ধতি সম্পর্কে কী

Question 1

আমি এখানে নতুন বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলি পড়ছি: http://www.javaworld.com/article/2078836/java-se/love-and-hate-for-java-8.html

আমি নীচের উদাহরণটি দেখেছি:

বেনাম শ্রেণি ব্যবহার:

button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
        System.out.println("Action Detected");
    }
});

লাম্বদা সহ:

button.addActionListener(e -> {
    System.out.println("Action Detected");
});

MouseListenerবেনাম শ্রেণীর মধ্যে একাধিক পদ্ধতি প্রয়োগ করতে চাইলে কেউ কী করবে? যেমন:

public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
    saySomething("Mouse pressed; # of clicks: "
               + e.getClickCount(), e);
}

public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
    saySomething("Mouse released; # of clicks: "
               + e.getClickCount(), e);
}

... ইত্যাদি?

Question 2

আপনি সাহায্যকারী ইন্টারফেস ব্যবহার করে ল্যাম্বডাসের সাথে একাধিক-পদ্ধতি ইন্টারফেস ব্যবহার করতে পারেন। এটি এমন শ্রোতা ইন্টারফেসের সাথে কাজ করে যেখানে অযাচিত পদ্ধতিগুলির বাস্তবায়নগুলি তুচ্ছ (যেমন আমরা কেবল যা করতে পারি তা করতে পারি MouseAdapter):

// note the absence of mouseClicked…
interface ClickedListener extends MouseListener
{
    @Override
    public default void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {}

    @Override
    public default void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {}

    @Override
    public default void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {}

    @Override
    public default void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {}
}

আপনাকে কেবলমাত্র একবার এই জাতীয় সহায়ক ইন্টারফেসটি সংজ্ঞায়িত করতে হবে।

এখন আপনি Component cএই জাতীয় ক্লিক-ইভেন্টগুলির জন্য একটি শ্রোতা যুক্ত করতে পারেন :

c.addMouseListener((ClickedListener)(e)->System.out.println("Clicked !"));

Question 3

জেএলএস 9.8 থেকে

একটি কার্যকরী ইন্টারফেস একটি ইন্টারফেস যা কেবল একটি বিমূর্ত পদ্ধতি আছে, এবং এইভাবে একটি একক ফাংশন চুক্তি প্রতিনিধিত্ব করে।

ল্যাম্বডাসের এই কার্যকরী ইন্টারফেসগুলির প্রয়োজন তাই তাদের একক পদ্ধতিতে সীমাবদ্ধ। বহু-পদ্ধতি ইন্টারফেস প্রয়োগের জন্য বেনামে ইন্টারফেসগুলি এখনও ব্যবহার করা দরকার।

addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {

    @Override
    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
       ...
    }

    @Override
    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
      ...
    }
});

Question 4

লাম্বদা ইজি এই বিষয়টি বিবেচনা করেছে। অনেক লাইব্রেরি ক্রিয়ামূলক ইন্টারফেস ব্যবহার করে, যদিও সেগুলি কার্যকরী ইন্টারফেসের জিনিস হওয়ার আগে কয়েক বছর আগে ডিজাইন করা হয়েছিল। তবে এটি কখনও কখনও ঘটে থাকে যে কোনও শ্রেণীর একাধিক বিমূর্ত পদ্ধতি রয়েছে এবং আপনি কেবল তাদের মধ্যে একটিকে ল্যাম্বডা দিয়ে লক্ষ্য করতে চান।

এখানে সরকারীভাবে প্রস্তাবিত প্যাটার্নটি হ'ল কারখানার পদ্ধতিগুলি সংজ্ঞায়িত করা:

static MouseListener clickHandler(Consumer<MouseEvent> c) { return ... }

এগুলি সরাসরি এপিআই দ্বারা করা যেতে পারে (এগুলির অভ্যন্তরের স্থির পদ্ধতি MouseListenerহতে পারে) বা অন্য কোনও লাইব্রেরিতে বহিরাগত সহায়ক পদ্ধতি হতে পারে যদি রক্ষণাবেক্ষণকারীরা এই সুবিধাটি না দেওয়ার সিদ্ধান্ত নেয়। যেহেতু এটির প্রয়োজনের সংস্থাগুলি ছোট ছিল, এবং কর্মক্ষেত্রটি এত সহজ, এই কোণার কেসটি উদ্ধার করতে ভাষা আরও প্রসারিত করা বাধ্যতামূলক বলে মনে হয় না।

অনুরূপ কৌশল ব্যবহার করা হয়েছিল ThreadLocal; নতুন স্থিতিশীল কারখানা পদ্ধতি দেখুন withInitial(Supplier<S>)।

(যাইহোক, যখন এই সমস্যাটি প্রকাশিত হয়, উদাহরণটি প্রায় সর্বদা থাকে MouseListener, যা উত্সাহজনক কারণ এটি ক্লাসগুলির সেটগুলির পরামর্শ দেয় যা ল্যাম্বদা বন্ধুত্বপূর্ণ হতে চায় তবে বাস্তবে এটি খুব ছোট))

Question 5

একটি জাভাতে ActionListenerকেবল একটি একক পদ্ধতি ( actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)) প্রয়োগ করতে হবে । এটি জাভা 8 ফাংশনে খুব সুন্দরভাবে ফিট করে যাতে জাভা 8 একটি বাস্তবায়নের জন্য একটি সহজ ল্যাম্বদা সরবরাহ করে ActionListener।

MouseAdapterঅন্তত দুটি পদ্ধতি প্রয়োজন তাই একটি যেমন মাপসই করা হবে না function।

Question 6

আমি মূল অ্যাডাপ্টারের ক্লাস তৈরি করেছি যা আমাকে লিংগদা ফাংশন শ্রোতাদের (একক লাইন) লেখার অনুমতি দেয়, এমনকি যদি মূল শ্রোতা ইন্টারফেসে একাধিক পদ্ধতি থাকে।

InsertOrRemoveUpdate অ্যাডাপ্টারটি নোট করুন, যা দুটি ইভেন্টকে একটিতে ভেঙে দেয়।

আমার আসল ক্লাসে উইন্ডোফোকাসলিস্টনার, টেবিলমডেললাইজনার, টেবিল কলামমোডেললাইজনার এবং ট্রিমোডেললিস্টনারগুলির জন্য বাস্তবায়নও রয়েছে তবে এই কোডটি 30000 অক্ষরের SO সীমাতে ঠেলে দিয়েছে।

import java.awt.event.*;
import java.beans.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import org.slf4j.*;

public class Adapters {
  private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Adapters.class);

  @FunctionalInterface
  public static interface AdapterEventHandler<EVENT> {
    void handle(EVENT e) throws Exception;

    default void handleWithRuntimeException(EVENT e) {
      try {
        handle(e);
      }
      catch(Exception exception) {
        throw exception instanceof RuntimeException ? (RuntimeException) exception : new RuntimeException(exception);
      }
    }
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // demo usage
    // -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    JToggleButton toggleButton = new JToggleButton();
    JFrame frame = new JFrame();
    JTextField textField = new JTextField();
    JScrollBar scrollBar = new JScrollBar();
    ListSelectionModel listSelectionModel = new DefaultListSelectionModel();

    // ActionListener
    toggleButton.addActionListener(ActionPerformed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ItemListener
    toggleButton.addItemListener(ItemStateChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ChangeListener
    toggleButton.addChangeListener(StateChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // MouseListener
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseClicked.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MousePressed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseReleased.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseEntered.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseListener(MouseExited.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // MouseMotionListener
    frame.addMouseMotionListener(MouseDragged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addMouseMotionListener(MouseMoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // MouseWheelListenere
    frame.addMouseWheelListener(MouseWheelMoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // KeyListener
    frame.addKeyListener(KeyTyped.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addKeyListener(KeyPressed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addKeyListener(KeyReleased.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // FocusListener
    frame.addFocusListener(FocusGained.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addFocusListener(FocusLost.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ComponentListener
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentMoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentResized.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentShown.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addComponentListener(ComponentHidden.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ContainerListener
    frame.addContainerListener(ComponentAdded.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addContainerListener(ComponentRemoved.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // HierarchyListener
    frame.addHierarchyListener(HierarchyChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // PropertyChangeListener
    frame.addPropertyChangeListener(PropertyChange.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addPropertyChangeListener("propertyName", PropertyChange.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // WindowListener
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowOpened.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowClosing.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowClosed.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowIconified.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowDeiconified.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowActivated.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    frame.addWindowListener(WindowDeactivated.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // WindowStateListener
    frame.addWindowStateListener(WindowStateChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // DocumentListener
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(InsertUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(RemoveUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(InsertOrRemoveUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));
    textField.getDocument().addDocumentListener(ChangedUpdate.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // AdjustmentListener
    scrollBar.addAdjustmentListener(AdjustmentValueChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ListSelectionListener
    listSelectionModel.addListSelectionListener(ValueChanged.handle(e -> LOGGER.info(e.toString())));

    // ...
    // enhance as needed
  }

  // @formatter:off
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ActionListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ActionPerformed implements ActionListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ActionEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ActionPerformed handle(AdapterEventHandler<ActionEvent> handler) { ActionPerformed adapter = new ActionPerformed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ItemListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ItemStateChanged implements ItemListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ItemEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ItemStateChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<ItemEvent> handler) { ItemStateChanged adapter = new ItemStateChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ChangeListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class StateChanged implements ChangeListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ChangeEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static StateChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<ChangeEvent> handler) { StateChanged adapter = new StateChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // MouseListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class MouseClicked extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseClicked handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseClicked adapter = new MouseClicked(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MousePressed extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MousePressed handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MousePressed adapter = new MousePressed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseReleased extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseReleased handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseReleased adapter = new MouseReleased(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseEntered extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseEntered handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseEntered adapter = new MouseEntered(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseExited extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseExited handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseExited adapter = new MouseExited(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // MouseMotionListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class MouseDragged extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseDragged handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseDragged adapter = new MouseDragged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class MouseMoved extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseMoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseEvent> handler) { MouseMoved adapter = new MouseMoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // MouseWheelListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class MouseWheelMoved extends MouseAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<MouseWheelEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static MouseWheelMoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<MouseWheelEvent> handler) { MouseWheelMoved adapter = new MouseWheelMoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void mouseWheelMoved(MouseWheelEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // KeyListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class KeyTyped extends KeyAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static KeyTyped handle(AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> handler) { KeyTyped adapter = new KeyTyped(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class KeyPressed extends KeyAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static KeyPressed handle(AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> handler) { KeyPressed adapter = new KeyPressed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class KeyReleased extends KeyAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static KeyReleased handle(AdapterEventHandler<KeyEvent> handler) { KeyReleased adapter = new KeyReleased(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // FocusListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class FocusGained extends FocusAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static FocusGained handle(AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> handler) { FocusGained adapter = new FocusGained(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void focusGained(FocusEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class FocusLost extends FocusAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static FocusLost handle(AdapterEventHandler<FocusEvent> handler) { FocusLost adapter = new FocusLost(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void focusLost(FocusEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ComponentListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ComponentMoved extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentMoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentMoved adapter = new ComponentMoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentMoved(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentResized extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentResized handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentResized adapter = new ComponentResized(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentResized(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentShown extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentShown handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentShown adapter = new ComponentShown(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentShown(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentHidden extends ComponentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentHidden handle(AdapterEventHandler<ComponentEvent> handler) { ComponentHidden adapter = new ComponentHidden(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentHidden(ComponentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ContainerListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ComponentAdded extends ContainerAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentAdded handle(AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> handler) { ComponentAdded adapter = new ComponentAdded(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentAdded(ContainerEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ComponentRemoved extends ContainerAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ComponentRemoved handle(AdapterEventHandler<ContainerEvent> handler) { ComponentRemoved adapter = new ComponentRemoved(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void componentRemoved(ContainerEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // HierarchyListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class HierarchyChanged implements HierarchyListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<HierarchyEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static HierarchyChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<HierarchyEvent> handler) { HierarchyChanged adapter = new HierarchyChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void hierarchyChanged(HierarchyEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // PropertyChangeListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class PropertyChange implements PropertyChangeListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<PropertyChangeEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static PropertyChange handle(AdapterEventHandler<PropertyChangeEvent> handler) { PropertyChange adapter = new PropertyChange(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void propertyChange(PropertyChangeEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // WindowListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class WindowOpened extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowOpened handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowOpened adapter = new WindowOpened(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowClosing extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowClosing handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowClosing adapter = new WindowClosing(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowClosed extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowClosed handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowClosed adapter = new WindowClosed(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowIconified extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowIconified handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowIconified adapter = new WindowIconified(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowDeiconified extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowDeiconified handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowDeiconified adapter = new WindowDeiconified(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowActivated extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowActivated handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowActivated adapter = new WindowActivated(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class WindowDeactivated extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowDeactivated handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowDeactivated adapter = new WindowDeactivated(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // WindowStateListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class WindowStateChanged extends WindowAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static WindowStateChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<WindowEvent> handler) { WindowStateChanged adapter = new WindowStateChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void windowStateChanged(WindowEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // DocumentListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class DocumentAdapter implements DocumentListener {
    @Override public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { /* nothing */ }
    @Override public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { /* nothing */ }
    @Override public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { /* nothing */ }
  }

  public static class InsertUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static InsertUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { InsertUpdate adapter = new InsertUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class RemoveUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static RemoveUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { RemoveUpdate adapter = new RemoveUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class InsertOrRemoveUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static InsertOrRemoveUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { InsertOrRemoveUpdate adapter = new InsertOrRemoveUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void insertUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
    @Override public void removeUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  public static class ChangedUpdate extends DocumentAdapter {
    private AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ChangedUpdate handle(AdapterEventHandler<DocumentEvent> handler) { ChangedUpdate adapter = new ChangedUpdate(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void changedUpdate(DocumentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // AdjustmentListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class AdjustmentValueChanged implements AdjustmentListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<AdjustmentEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static AdjustmentValueChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<AdjustmentEvent> handler) { AdjustmentValueChanged adapter = new AdjustmentValueChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void adjustmentValueChanged(AdjustmentEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }

  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  // ListSelectionListener
  // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  public static class ValueChanged implements ListSelectionListener {
    private AdapterEventHandler<ListSelectionEvent> m_handler = null;
    public static ValueChanged handle(AdapterEventHandler<ListSelectionEvent> handler) { ValueChanged adapter = new ValueChanged(); adapter.m_handler = handler; return adapter; }
    @Override public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) { m_handler.handleWithRuntimeException(e); }
  }
  // @formatter:on
}

Question 7

ডিফল্ট পদ্ধতিগুলি ল্যাম্বডা এক্সপ্রেশনগুলির মধ্যে থেকে অ্যাক্সেস করা যায় না। নিম্নলিখিত কোডটি সংকলন করে না:

interface Formula {
    double calculate(int a);

    default double sqrt(int a) {
        return Math.sqrt(a);
    }
}
Formula formula = (a) -> sqrt( a * 100);

শুধুমাত্র ফাংশনাল ইন্টারফেসের সাথে কাজ করুন (একক বিমূর্ত পদ্ধতি কেবলমাত্র + ডিফল্ট পদ্ধতিগুলির যে কোনও সংখ্যা) তাই ল্যাম্বডা এক্সপ্রেসনটি কেবল বিমূর্ত পদ্ধতিতে কাজ করে