কিছুটা স্পর্শকাতরভাবে, এই প্রশ্নটি গবেষণা করার সময়, আমি "হোস্টনেম" এর উত্স কোডটি পরীক্ষা করতে এবং অনুসন্ধানী ফলাফল মুদ্রণের জন্য একটি স্ক্রিপ্ট লিখতে যথেষ্ট পাগল হয়ে যাচ্ছি (ফেডোরা 19)। যা অনুপস্থিত তা হ'ল "/ ইত্যাদি / হোস্টগুলি" দেখুন, যা আমার নম্র মতে প্রথমে এই সমস্ত কিছু থেকে দূরে রাখা উচিত।
#!/bin/bash
function pad {
if [[ $1 == '?' ]]; then
printf "%-23s" "?"
else
printf "%-23s" "'$1'"
fi
}
# ----- Kernel -----
# Two ways to configure the kernel values:
# 1) Put FQDN into "kernel.hostname" and nothing into "kernel.domainname"
# 2) Put machine name into "kernel.hostname" and DNS domain name into "kernel.domainname" (makes more sense)
echo "== Kernel values =="
echo
H=`/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.hostname`
D=`/sbin/sysctl -n kernel.domainname`
echo "Kernel hostname: '$H'"
echo "Kernel domainname: '$D'"
# ----- What does bash say -----
echo
echo "== According to bash =="
echo
echo "HOSTNAME = '$HOSTNAME'"
# ----- Hostname config file ------
echo
echo "== Hostname config file =="
echo
ETCH="/etc/hostname"
if [[ -f $ETCH ]]; then
CONTENTS=`cat $ETCH`
echo "File '$ETCH' contains: '$CONTENTS'"
else
echo "File '$ETCH' does not exist"
fi
# ----- Network config file ------
echo
echo "== Network config file =="
echo
SYSN="/etc/sysconfig/network"
if [[ -f $SYSN ]]; then
LINE=`grep -e "^HOSTNAME=" $SYSN`
if [[ -n $LINE ]]; then
echo "File '$SYSN' contains: '$LINE'"
else
echo "File '$SYSN' exists but does not contain a line for 'HOSTNAME'"
fi
else
echo "File '$SYSN' does not exist"
fi
# ----- Nodename -------
echo
echo "== Nodename =="
echo
UNAME=`uname --nodename` # On Linux, this is the hostname
echo "The 'nodename' given by 'uname --nodename' is: '$UNAME'"
# ----- The 'hostname' mess ------
THE_HOSTNAME=`hostname`
SHORT_NAME=`hostname --short`
NIS_DNAME=`domainname`
YP_DNAME=`hostname --yp` # Same as `nisdomainname` ; this may fail with "hostname: Local domain name not set"
if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
YP_DNAME="?"
fi
echo
echo "== 'hostname' directly obtained values =="
echo
echo "The result of gethostname();"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname'"
echo "Hostname: $(pad $THE_HOSTNAME)"
echo
echo "The part before the first '.' of the value returned by gethostname();"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname --short'"
echo "Short name: $(pad $SHORT_NAME)"
echo
echo "The result of getdomainname(); the code of 'hostname' seems to call this the 'NIS domain name';"
echo "...on Linux, this is the kernel-configured domainname;"
echo "...obtained by running 'domainname'"
echo "NIS domain name: $(pad $NIS_DNAME)"
echo
echo "The result of yp_get_default_domain(), which may fail;"
echo "...obtained by running 'ĥostname --yp'"
echo "YP default domain: $(pad $YP_DNAME)"
DNS_DNAME=`hostname --domain` # Same as `dnsdomainname`'
FQDN_NAME=`hostname --fqdn`
ALIAS_NAME=`hostname --alias`
echo
echo "== 'hostname' values obtained via DNS =="
echo
echo "The part after the first '.' of the 'canonical name' value returned by getaddrinfo(gethostname());"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname --domain'"
echo "DNS domain name: $(pad $DNS_DNAME)"
echo
echo "The 'canonical name' value returned by getaddrinfo(gethostname());"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname --fqdn'"
echo "Fully qualified hostname: $(pad $FQDN_NAME)"
echo
echo "Alias obtained by gethostbyname(gethostname());"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname --alias'"
echo "Hostname alias: $(pad $ALIAS_NAME)"
BY_IP_ADDR=`hostname --ip-address`
ALL_IP_ADDR=`hostname --all-ip-addresses`
ALL_FQDN_NAMES=`hostname --all-fqdn`
echo
echo "== 'hostname' values obtained by collecting configured network addresses =="
echo
echo "Collect the IP addresses from getaddrinfo(gethostname()), apply getnameinfo(ip) to all those addresses;"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname --ip-address'"
echo "By IP address: $BY_IP_ADDR"
echo
echo "Call getnameinfo(NI_NUMERICHOST) on all addresses snarfed from active interfaces;"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname --all-ip-addresses'"
echo "All IP addresses: $ALL_IP_ADDR"
echo
echo "Call getnameinfo(NI_NAMEREQD) on all addresses snarfed from active interfaces (involves lookup in /etc/hosts);"
echo "...obtained by running 'hostname --all-fqdn'"
echo "All fully qualified hostnames: $ALL_FQDN_NAMES"
কারডের মানগুলি নির্ধারণ এবং পূরণ করার পরে ফেডোরা ১৯ চালাচ্ছে অ্যামাজন ইসি 2 ভিএম-এ আউটপুট/etc/hostname , তবে কোনও পরিবর্তন ছাড়াই এর /etc/hostsপরে হতে পারে:
== Kernel values ==
Kernel hostname: 'kyubee'
Kernel domainname: 'homelinux.org'
== According to bash ==
HOSTNAME = 'ip-172-31-24-249.localdomain'
== Hostname config file ==
File '/etc/hostname' contains: 'kyubee.homelinux.org'
== Network config file ==
File '/etc/sysconfig/network' exists but does not contain a line for 'HOSTNAME'
== Nodename ==
The 'nodename' given by 'uname --nodename' is: 'kyubee'
== 'hostname' directly obtained values ==
The result of gethostname();
...obtained by running 'hostname'
Hostname: 'kyubee'
The part before the first '.' of the value returned by gethostname();
...obtained by running 'hostname --short'
Short name: 'kyubee'
The result of getdomainname(); the code of 'hostname' seems to call this the 'NIS domain name';
...on Linux, this is the kernel-configured domainname;
...obtained by running 'domainname'
NIS domain name: 'homelinux.org'
The result of yp_get_default_domain(), which may fail;
...obtained by running 'ĥostname --yp'
YP default domain: 'homelinux.org'
== 'hostname' values obtained via DNS ==
The part after the first '.' of the 'canonical name' value returned by getaddrinfo(gethostname());
...obtained by running 'hostname --domain'
DNS domain name: ''
The 'canonical name' value returned by getaddrinfo(gethostname());
...obtained by running 'hostname --fqdn'
Fully qualified hostname: 'kyubee'
Alias obtained by gethostbyname(gethostname());
...obtained by running 'hostname --alias'
Hostname alias: ''
== 'hostname' values obtained by collecting configured network addresses ==
Collect the IP addresses from getaddrinfo(gethostname()), apply getnameinfo(ip) to all those addresses;
...obtained by running 'hostname --ip-address'
By IP address: fe80::8f6:8eff:fe49:9e21%eth0 172.31.24.249
Call getnameinfo(NI_NUMERICHOST) on all addresses snarfed from active interfaces;
...obtained by running 'hostname --all-ip-addresses'
All IP addresses: 172.31.24.249
Call getnameinfo(NI_NAMEREQD) on all addresses snarfed from active interfaces (involves lookup in /etc/hosts);
...obtained by running 'hostname --all-fqdn'
All fully qualified hostnames: ip-172-31-24-249.eu-west-1.compute.internal
পার্লে সম্পূর্ণরূপে যোগ্য হোস্টনাম পাওয়ার সহজতর উপায়টি হ'ল:
sub getHostname {
my $hostname_short = `/bin/hostname --short`;
if ($? != 0) { print STDERR "Could not execute 'hostname --short' -- exiting\n"; exit 1 }
chomp $hostname_short;
my $hostname_long = `/bin/hostname`;
if ($? != 0) { print STDERR "Could not execute 'hostname' -- exiting\n"; exit 1 }
chomp $hostname_long;
if ($hostname_long =~ /^${hostname_short}\..+$/) {
# "hostname_long" is a qualified version of "hostname_short"
return $hostname_long
}
else {
# both hostnames are "short" (and are equal)
die unless ($hostname_long eq $hostname_short);
my $domainname = `/bin/domainname`;
if ($? != 0) { print STDERR "Could not execute 'domainname' -- exiting\n"; exit 1 }
chomp $domainname;
if ($domainname eq "(none)") {
# Change according to taste
return "${hostname_short}.localdomain"
}
else {
return "${hostname_short}.${domainname}"
}
}
}
এবং ব্যাশে এটি হবে:
function getHostname {
local hostname_short=`/bin/hostname --short`
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Could not execute 'hostname --short' -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi
local hostname_long=`/bin/hostname`
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Could not execute 'hostname' -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi
if [[ $hostname_long =~ ^"$hostname_short"\..+$ ]]; then
# "hostname_long" is a qualified version of "hostname_short"
echo $hostname_long
else
# both hostnames are "short" (and are equal)
if [[ $hostname_long != $hostname_short ]]; then
echo "Cannot happen: '$hostname_long' <> '$hostname_short' -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi
local domainname=`/bin/domainname`
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
echo "Could not execute 'domainname' -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi
if [[ domainname == '(none)' ]]; then
# Change according to taste
echo "${hostname_short}.localdomain"
else
echo "${hostname_short}.${domainname}"
fi
fi
}
নোট
দ্রষ্টব্য 1: HOSTNAME হ'ল শেল পরিবর্তনশীল যা বাশ সরবরাহ করে ("স্বয়ংক্রিয়ভাবে বর্তমান হোস্টের নাম হিসাবে সেট করে" ") তবে ব্যাশটি সেই মানটিতে উপস্থিত হওয়ার বিষয়ে কোনও ইঙ্গিত নেই।
দ্রষ্টব্য 2: / বুট / ইনট্রামগুলি- এফইও.আইএমগিতে / ইত্যাদি / হোস্টনামটি কখনও ভুলে যাবেন না ...
hostname। কেবল এটি থাকা/etc/hostsযথেষ্ট ভাল নয়। এটা আমার ধারাবাহিকতায় গন্ডগোল করেছে।