সংক্ষেপে:
chmod +xকোনও ফাইলে (আপনার স্ক্রিপ্ট) কেবলমাত্র এর অর্থ, আপনি এটি কার্যকর করতে পারবেন। আপনার স্ক্রিপ্টে ডান ক্লিক করুন এবং বৈশিষ্ট্যগুলি -> অনুমতিগুলি -> ফাইল হিসাবে প্রোগ্রাম হিসাবে চালানো মঞ্জুরি দিন , টার্মিনালে কমান্ড হিসাবে ঠিক একই ফলাফল আপনাকে ছেড়ে দেয়।
আপনি যদি অনুমতি পরিবর্তন করতে চান এমন কোনও ফাইল যদি সিস্টেম ডিরেক্টরিতে থাকে তবে আপনার rootযেমন হতে পারে: (সতর্কতা অবলম্বন করুন, sudoকমান্ড ব্যবহার করার সময় )
sudo chmod +x /usr/share/testfolder/aFile
এছাড়াও আপনি এখানে সংরক্ষণাগারটি ঠিক কী চান তা পরিষ্কার নয়। আপনার প্রশ্নটি সম্পাদনা করুন এবং প্রকৃত সমস্যা সম্পর্কে আরও কিছু বিশদ দিন!
আপনি আরও তথ্যের জন্য এই প্রশ্নটিও উল্লেখ করতে পারেন: chmod u + x 'বনাম' chmod + x
দীর্ঘ সময়:
man chmodএকটি টার্মিনাল উইন্ডোতে টাইপ করুন ( Ctrl+ Alt+ T) এবং আপনি নিম্নলিখিত আউটপুট পাবেন:
NAME: chmod - ফাইল মোড বিট পরিবর্তন করুন
সংক্ষিপ্তসার
chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL-MODE FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
বর্ণনা
This manual page documents the GNU version of chmod. chmod changes the
file mode bits of each given file according to mode, which can be either
a symbolic representation of changes to make, or an octal number repre‐
senting the bit pattern for the new mode bits.
The format of a symbolic mode is [ugoa...][[+-=][perms...]...], where
perms is either zero or more letters from the set rwxXst, or a single
letter from the set ugo. Multiple symbolic modes can be given, sepa‐
rated by commas.
A combination of the letters ugoa controls which users' access to the
file will be changed: the user who owns it (u), other users in the
file's group (g), other users not in the file's group (o), or all users
(a). If none of these are given, the effect is as if a were given, but
bits that are set in the umask are not affected.
The operator + causes the selected file mode bits to be added to the
existing file mode bits of each file; - causes them to be removed; and =
causes them to be added and causes unmentioned bits to be removed except
that a directory's unmentioned set user and group ID bits are not
affected.
The letters rwxXst select file mode bits for the affected users: read
(r), write (w), execute (or search for directories) (x), execute/search
only if the file is a directory or already has execute permission for
some user (X), set user or group ID on execution (s), restricted dele‐
tion flag or sticky bit (t). Instead of one or more of these letters,
you can specify exactly one of the letters ugo: the permissions granted
to the user who owns the file (u), the permissions granted to other
users who are members of the file's group (g), and the permissions
granted to users that are in neither of the two preceding categories
(o).
A numeric mode is from one to four octal digits (0-7), derived by adding
up the bits with values 4, 2, and 1. Omitted digits are assumed to be
leading zeros. The first digit selects the set user ID (4) and set
group ID (2) and restricted deletion or sticky (1) attributes. The sec‐
ond digit selects permissions for the user who owns the file: read (4),
write (2), and execute (1); the third selects permissions for other
users in the file's group, with the same values; and the fourth for
other users not in the file's group, with the same values.
chmod never changes the permissions of symbolic links; the chmod system
call cannot change their permissions. This is not a problem since the
permissions of symbolic links are never used. However, for each sym‐
bolic link listed on the command line, chmod changes the permissions of
the pointed-to file. In contrast, chmod ignores symbolic links encoun‐
tered during recursive directory traversals.
সেটটিউড এবং সেটিং বিটস
chmod clears the set-group-ID bit of a regular file if the file's group
ID does not match the user's effective group ID or one of the user's
supplementary group IDs, unless the user has appropriate privileges.
Additional restrictions may cause the set-user-ID and set-group-ID bits
of MODE or RFILE to be ignored. This behavior depends on the policy and
functionality of the underlying chmod system call. When in doubt, check
the underlying system behavior.
পছন্দসমূহ
Change the mode of each FILE to MODE.
-c, --changes
like verbose but report only when a change is made
--no-preserve-root
do not treat `/' specially (the default)
--preserve-root
fail to operate recursively on `/'
-f, --silent, --quiet
suppress most error messages
-v, --verbose
output a diagnostic for every file processed
--reference=RFILE
use RFILE's mode instead of MODE values
-R, --recursive
change files and directories recursively
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
Each MODE is of the form `[ugoa]*([-+=]([rwxXst]*|[ugo]))+'.