আমার মনে হয় কার্নেলটি জানেন যে কোনটি ব্ল্যাকহোল ঠিকানার প্রকার।
Iptables উত্স কোডে xt_addrtype.h ফাইল থেকে , আপনি দেখতে পারেন:
/* rtn_type enum values from rtnetlink.h, but shifted */
enum {
XT_ADDRTYPE_UNSPEC = 1 << 0,
XT_ADDRTYPE_UNICAST = 1 << 1, /* 1 << RTN_UNICAST */
XT_ADDRTYPE_LOCAL = 1 << 2, /* 1 << RTN_LOCAL, etc */
XT_ADDRTYPE_BROADCAST = 1 << 3,
XT_ADDRTYPE_ANYCAST = 1 << 4,
XT_ADDRTYPE_MULTICAST = 1 << 5,
XT_ADDRTYPE_BLACKHOLE = 1 << 6,
XT_ADDRTYPE_UNREACHABLE = 1 << 7,
XT_ADDRTYPE_PROHIBIT = 1 << 8,
XT_ADDRTYPE_THROW = 1 << 9,
XT_ADDRTYPE_NAT = 1 << 10,
XT_ADDRTYPE_XRESOLVE = 1 << 11,
};
এবং ইন rtnetlink.h
, আপনি একই সংজ্ঞা দেখতে পাবেন:
enum {
RTN_UNSPEC,
RTN_UNICAST, /* Gateway or direct route */
RTN_LOCAL, /* Accept locally */
RTN_BROADCAST, /* Accept locally as broadcast,
send as broadcast */
RTN_ANYCAST, /* Accept locally as broadcast,
but send as unicast */
RTN_MULTICAST, /* Multicast route */
RTN_BLACKHOLE, /* Drop */
RTN_UNREACHABLE, /* Destination is unreachable */
RTN_PROHIBIT, /* Administratively prohibited */
RTN_THROW, /* Not in this table */
RTN_NAT, /* Translate this address */
RTN_XRESOLVE, /* Use external resolver */
__RTN_MAX
};
আপনি iptables
কার্নেল টিসিপি নেটওয়ার্কিং স্ট্যাকের সাথে ঠিকানার ধরণের একই সংজ্ঞা ব্যবহার করতে পারেন ।
তারপরে man ip
:
Route types:
unicast - the route entry describes real paths to the destinations covered by the route prefix.
unreachable - these destinations are unreachable. Packets are discarded and the ICMP message host unreachable is generated.
The local senders get an EHOSTUNREACH error.
blackhole - these destinations are unreachable. Packets are discarded silently. The local senders get an EINVAL error.
prohibit - these destinations are unreachable. Packets are discarded and the ICMP message communication administratively
prohibited is generated. The local senders get an EACCES error.
local - the destinations are assigned to this host. The packets are looped back and delivered locally.
broadcast - the destinations are broadcast addresses. The packets are sent as link broadcasts.
throw - a special control route used together with policy rules. If such a route is selected, lookup in this table is termi‐
nated pretending that no route was found. Without policy routing it is equivalent to the absence of the route in the routing
table. The packets are dropped and the ICMP message net unreachable is generated. The local senders get an ENETUNREACH
error.
nat - a special NAT route. Destinations covered by the prefix are considered to be dummy (or external) addresses which
require translation to real (or internal) ones before forwarding. The addresses to translate to are selected with the
attribute Warning: Route NAT is no longer supported in Linux 2.6.
via.
anycast - not implemented the destinations are anycast addresses assigned to this host. They are mainly equivalent to local
with one difference: such addresses are invalid when used as the source address of any packet.
multicast - a special type used for multicast routing. It is not present in normal routing tables.
সুতরাং আপনি যখন ip
কমান্ড দ্বারা কোনও নেটওয়ার্কের কোনও রুট সংজ্ঞায়িত করেন এবং এটিকে একটি ব্ল্যাকহোল রুট হিসাবে চিহ্নিত করেন, কার্নেলটি এখন এই নেটওয়ার্কের ঠিকানাটিকে ব্ল্যাকহোল টাইপ করে:
ip route add blackhole X.X.X.X/24
LOCAL
অবশ্যই না127.0.0.0/8
। আমি কঠিন